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¹ National Referral Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Diseases, Fish Health Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, India DOI : 10.4194/2459-1831-v5_1_02 Viewed : 3000 - Downloaded : 2337 Molecular screening of viruses through PCR is a fast detection method and several variants of it have been developed to meet the shortcomings of conventional method. Extensive surveillance is an essential tool to have an estimate of circulating potential viruses in Indian aquatic systems. The present study focuses on standardization of semi-quantitative PCR-based diagnostics for eight freshwater fish viral pathogens and documents number of positive incidences after screening 437 numbers of samples during 2017-2020 for suspected fifteen freshwater finfish viral pathogens. Positive samples of Cyprinid herpes virus-2, carp edema virus and viral nervous necrosis virus from different regions of eastern Indian states viz., Odisha, West Bengal and Assam have given a scope of comparative phylogenetic analysis of strain variability in detail. Nevertheless, the study highlights the importance of rendering protection to native cultured fish by preventing their introduction and further spread on a local or national scale to either known or unknown susceptible fish species available in the region, and emphasize upon strengthening surveillance system. Keywords : Freshwater fish, PCR, Phylogeny, Survey, Viruses