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¹ Central Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Health Department, 61250, Yomra, Trabzon, Turkey DOI : 10.4194/2459-1831-v2_2_03 Viewed : 5708 - Downloaded : 5028 In this study, the bacteriological examination was performed to investigate the cause of juvenile sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) mortality, kept in a fish farm, in Turkey. During the disease outbreak, 15% of the sturgeon (2.7-4.2 g) died. The most important clinical signs were swimming upside-down in the water and no feed intake. The fish have exhibited an enlarged abdomen due to the swim-bladder gas problem. Aseptic liver and head-kidney of affected fish were streaked on Tryptic Soy Agar. The pure colonies were characterized by several biochemical tests and rapid commercial test kit (API 20NE). Genetic identification was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The antibacterial susceptibility of bacteria against six different antibiotics was also evaluated by disk diffusion method. Based on biochemical characteristics, the causative bacteria were identified as Aeromonas hydrophila (API 20NE, profile: 5477754). Bacteria were identified as Aeromonas sp. by molecular analysis. The bacteria were sensitive to enrofloxacin, florfenicol, oxytetracycline, sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim, gentamycin and resistant to erythromycin. The most effective antibiotics were enrofloxacin and florfenicol. In this study, an infection caused by Aeromonas sp. was reported in Russian sturgeon. Overall this study revealed that Aeromonas sp. may be considered as a causative agent of inflation of the swim bladder in Russian sturgeon. Keywords : Fish, sturgeon, swim bladder, Aeromonas, DNA sequencing