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¹ Research Institute for Aquaculture, No 1. Dinh Bang- Tu Son - Bac Ninh, Viet Nam DOI : 10.4194/2459-1831-v2_1_04 Viewed : 7437 - Downloaded : 3938 Fish in Semilabeo genus has been listed in high risk of endangerment in the wild and some species in this genus show similar characteristics. A total of 30 fish in Semilabeo genus collected from Ha Giang, Phu Tho provinces and Research Institutes for Aquaculture No1 (RIA1), Viet Nam was classified using morphological taxonomy and molecular biology methods. The results revealed that the morphological analysis identified 2 species in the genus of Semilabeo, S. obscurus (Peters, 1881) and Semilabeo obscurus (Lin, 1881). The molecular method using COI sequences revealed highly similar results between Ha Giang and Phu Tho groups but were differ from the group collected in RIA1. Based on BLAST result, COI gene sequences of samples collected in Ha Giang and Phu Tho were homogenous with those of Semilabeo notabilis species 99-100%, whereas, RIA1 group showed high similarity with Semilabeo obscurus. Besides, genetic distance and Neighbor-Joining tree view using COI indicate the two species: 1) Semilabeo notabilis (Peters, 1881) and 2) Semilabeo obscurus (Lin, 1881). In this study, the two analysis using morphological taxonomy and molecular biology showed the same findings in term of species identification for fish in Semilabeo genus collected in some areas in Viet Nam. Keywords : Species identification, COI, Semilabeo obscurus, Semilabeo notabilis